The Basic Concept Of Costume Culture In Ancient China

Marx said: "people must be able to live in order to" create history ".

But for life, clothes, food, shelter and other things are needed first.

Therefore, the first historical activity is to produce data to meet these needs and to produce materials and life itself.

It can be seen that the origin of clothes is very early, and it is as old as human history.

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There are many reasons for the origin and pursuit of the reasons. But from Marx's words, it is easy to see that the fundamental reason is the practicality of human life, namely the practicality of clothes.

Emperor Yao Shun Shun clothes and govern the world.

In China's legendary era, clothes have been created.

"Yi Yi Jie": "Emperor Yao and Shun dress down and govern the world."

"The world" says: "Bo Yu clothes", "Hu Cao makes clothes".

"Bai Hu Tong Yi" contains: "in ancient times, Yi Wei Wei can be overturned before it can be overturned."

In modern times, there are also "men in Taiwan's Gaoshan tribes" who are covered with cloth feet and cover up.

Half a century ago, the Gaoshan "Tai Ya" and "northern mountain men" were also used to wrap a striped linen around their waist as a waist skirt to cover up the lower body.

Thus, the first thing to appear is to protect the lower body of "clothes".

This is not because of shame, but the greater possibility is that the lower part of the body can not withstand accidents and harm and attack. The other reason is from primitive reproduction worship, which is protected by the organ as the root.

If we break the word "clothing" into "clothes", "clothing" and "decoration", we should first have clothes and then decorate them.

The most useful value of clothing is winter cold protection, summer sun exposure, insect bite, wind and rain attack and thorns scratching the skin and so on. As for shame and shame needs and functions, it is likely that it is only when the group marriage is like a dual pition, both for protecting the body's needs.

Decoration can be divided into 3 types: one is the ornament worn or hung on the body, that is, usually jewelry, such as necklace, ring, earring, hairpin and so on.

The other is cosmetic, such as painting, combing different hairstyles, or painting patterns on the face and body.

The third one is destruction, such as chisel teeth extraction, tattoo tattooing, pierced ears, waist binding, to destroy and strong way to change the natural state of certain parts of the body to achieve decorative purposes.

Decoration is related to aesthetic consciousness, and also appears after protecting the survival needs of the body.

The earliest clothes were the primitive people who used the stone tools to split up the skins and put them on the body or the lower body.

When human beings can grind bone needles, they sew clothes with bone needles to make clothes develop further.

According to the archaeological discovery of MI Qian, a bone needle was unearthed from the peak cave site about 20 thousand years ago.

Later, in the ruins of Ziyang eel Creek and other sites in Sichuan, a large number of bone needles and bone needles were excavated. It shows that human beings have been able to sew up the split skins and make them more suitable for the needs of the body.

Humans first began to hide their lower and lower knees before skin, and then hide them. Then they stitched up the front and rear two pieces with bone needles, thus becoming the earliest "skirt".

The upper body has clothes, and the lower body has a dress system. It is the basic form of Chinese clothing formed 5 thousand years ago.

The skirt of some minority women in southern China can be said to retain the legacy of the ancient "skirt".

In ancient China, there was a saying of Huang Di's yuan Fei Luo Zu, Xiling's sericultural sericulture.

There are also records of "Gong" in Yu Gong.

In the existing archaeological data, there are silk fabrics in the Shang Dynasty. Oracle bone inscriptions, such as silkworms, clothing, fur and silk, can be used to prove that the materials and shapes of dress adornment are richer.

The clothes are in shape, and hats, hair accessories and shoes come into being one after another.

According to the book of Han Dynasty, it is "ancient fur and fur."

"The great book of Shang Dynasty" contains: "Cheng Wang asked Zhou Gong:" how is the crown of Shun? "

The hat is "the first coat".

First cap, then crown.

In Yangshao culture and Longshan culture ruins, there were pottery, bone, hairpin and so on. When this time, there were headbands with hair and even crowns.

Hat also arises from the need to prevent heatstroke and keep the cold out.

Shoes, from the needs of the protection foot, are first created in the cold regions of the north.

So far, there are still more kinds of shoes in these areas.

The first step is to prevent frostbite, and the second is to prevent foot injuries.

We can still see many working people in many parts of the south, and we can also walk freely on rocky mountain roads full of stones.

The book of "World Edition" contains: "to serve as a gateway."

Yu is the Minister of the Yellow Emperor.

According to "Shiming" cloud: "Qi Ren Wei Wei" said the door.

The door and skin are also made of leather.

It is estimated that the glazed shoes that are still seen in the near future are similar to the original "leather shoes".

Southern nationalities are mostly made of grass or linen.

GUI Fu's "continuation of the Dian you, Ma Zhu" follows: "the Yunnan native" breaks the hemp rope to carry out the performance, refers to the hemp bamboo.

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Chinese dress culture

With the development of social productive forces, there are differences between classes and grades.

This difference is clearly reflected in clothing.

"Shang Shu Tai Jia" contains: "Yi Yin takes the crown to serve the king."

With the Ming Dynasty, there are corresponding requirements for dress in some etiquette.

To Zhou Dai, there are more and more words about clothes.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Mao Gong inscription reads "tiger crown practice lane" and "Yi woman zhe".

In the late period of Zhou Dai's feudal system, the classification of dress became systematized, such as the six crown in the crown expansion system, and three points in the costume.

"Book of Rites", "Zhou Li", "etiquette" and so on.

There are more narrations.

From simple to complex, different grades should wear different costumes and dress differently on different occasions.

The origin of decoration is later than that of clothing. It was first seen in the late Paleolithic period.

According to the book of Hou Han Shu and Yu Fu Zhi, according to legend, the primitive man saw "bird and beast" having a crown and beard, and then made a crown, a tassel and a ruby, and thought it was a jewellery.

Besides the stone beads and the shell of the sea clams, the hilltops are decorated with animal teeth, fish bones and bone pipes.

"These things were originally worn only as signs of courage, dexterity and strength, but only later, they were marked by courage, dexterity and strength, so they began to arouse the aesthetic feeling and fall into the range of ornaments."

There are a lot of bone ornaments in the ruins of Tai Po Kou, and there are hollowed comb patterns that comb the hair.

In the ruins of Shang Dynasty, jade ornaments and bronze ornaments were unearthed.

Jade objects, Yuhuan, Shang Huang, GUI, Zhang, wall, earrings, ornaments, carpets, carpets and so on unearthed from the Zhou Dai site are more ornamental objects, and they can see obvious distinction between grades.

In the Yin Dynasty, jade carving and ivory and bone carving were exquisitely carved and shaped.

In addition to clothing and head hair accessories, human beings appeared earlier decorations, earrings, ornaments, rings and bracelets.

Earrings include falling, ring, tube and so on.

In the Yangshao culture of Longnan, Gansu, there are holes in two earrings, so that the earrings can be fastened, indicating that the earrings have existed for a long time.

The modern Dulong nationality is a wooden ring on the eardrum, and the Dai people plug the fine bamboo tube or other cylindrical ornaments in the ear hole, that is, the ancient "Er" is only jade material. Liangshan Yi women wear two ears, and the men wear one ear, the color line and the Jade Bead.

In ancient times, the necklace was mostly necklace made up of upper stone, animal bones and animal teeth. Only later did metal necklaces come into being.

There are many Necklace necklaces in China's ethnic minorities.

There are many styles of hairstyles. The general evolution process should be hair first, such as the Qiang people who were followed by the Han Han Shu Qiang.

Then there was a knot, including a knot, a comb and a bun.

The third way is to make hair and comb it.

These hairstyles can still be seen in the minority nationalities in China, and some of them are very popular.

From the historical data, the southern nationalities began to "break their tattoo" at the beginning, that is to say, they wore hair in the northwest;

The body is ruined, often twisted in modern times (extracted and partly hairy), pulled out of beard and body hair, tattoos, text, missing teeth (or chisel teeth), pierced ears, waist and abdomen.

Some of them are for the sake of beauty or the attraction of the opposite sex, and some are for the courage and endurance of pain.

The initial causes of tattoos and tattoos are multifaceted, and the main causes are primitive religious beliefs, totem worship, evils prevention, and people who are different from other tribes.

After Han Shu Nan man biography: "Ailao Yi, all kinds of people depict their body, like Longwen."

Some branches of the Gaoshan Nationality in Taiwan still retained their custom of missing teeth (removing canine teeth), coring their abdomen, pulling out body hair, tattoos, tattoos, burning scars on their wrists and so on.

Before liberation, the men and women of Dang nationality were tattoos, Dai, Brown, and Kino men tattoos, Dulong and Li people.

Ethnic minorities such as the Yi nationality have the custom of removing their beard.

The males of Cao, Lu Kai, Bei Nan and some Amy branches in Gaoshan Nationality, from the time they were young to fifty or sixty years old, had to use thick bamboo pieces to girdle their waist and abdomen. Some of them were girded with rattan skin, and they were puzzled day and night, so that their breasts and legs were muscular.