Sino British Textile And Garment Win Win Win

By the end of 2008, the import and export licensing bureau of the Ministry of Commerce of the United Kingdom has issued a Notice No. 2767th, which is responsible for the trade in textiles and clothing. Since January 1, 2009, when importing textiles and garments originating in China to the United Kingdom, British Importers no longer need to apply for import licences.

For the origins of the modern textile and garment industry, the Chinese latecomer has brought and continues to bring new changes.

　　历史与现实间的英国纺织服装业

In 1733, the British John Kay invented the shuttle, and a textile worker could finish all the work on the loom. In 1771, the first modern factory in the United Kingdom was built by Clapton in 1771, and the textile and garment industry became the pillar industry of the British economy. By the middle of nineteenth Century, Britain became the first industrialized country in the world. Although only 0.2% of the earth's land area was available, its huge quantity of high-quality textiles and clothing continued to be exported to overseas.

　　第一，纺织机械和高档毛纺织品仍然是出口主力军。工业革命时期，英国纺织业是实行机械化速度最快的行业，出现了内部的精细分工，由此纺织机械的国际竞争优势保持至今。英国圈地运动造就了毛纺织业，到16世纪初英国羊毛及其制品已经占英格兰出口的90%。在此基础上，英国大力发展服装业，其生产的高档毛纺织品和服装受到世界各地消费者的青睐。

　　第二，中低档纺织品和服装主要依赖进口。男女外衣和内衣、套衫、T恤衫、裤子、衬衫、滑雪服、棉线、棉布、地毯、针织布料等中低档品进口占英国市场的一半以上，市场需求增长较大。主要原因在于英国纺织业竞争力逐年削弱，英国经济转向以服务业为主，制造成本增加，在英国政府倡导自由贸易的背景下，纺织服装业在国际市场上节节败退，许多传统知名企业倒闭或被接管。

　　第三，注重服装品牌和科技含量。伦敦是一个时尚之都，每年举办的时装周为英国服装业设计打样提供了平台，服装科研机构和厂商及时研发新型服装产品，提高服装面料和饰件的科技内涵。一些著名服装品牌如Aquastum、Burburry、AustinReed、Pink等拥有一流的设计队伍，他们及时了解国际服装市场发展动态，其在商业街上的旗舰店引导英国白领阶层的穿着潮流。

　　经济衰退背景下的中英纺织服装贸易

In recent years, textiles and clothing have always been the main commodities of bilateral trade between China and Britain.